ရႈခင္း (1)

Rose 1

ံHein wai yan (1)

Arrest and harassment of Burmese opposition groups in Thailand

Burmese dissident groups in and around Bangkok have always been particularly at risk of arrest by the Thai authorities. On May 20, 1998, in Nonthaburi province near Bangkok, a large group of police raided the office of the Human Rights Documentation Unit of the National Coalition Government of the Union of Burma (NCGUB). Fourteen people were arrested, including asylum-seekers and refugees. Documents about the human rights violations in Burma and many office equipment were confiscated at the same time and the office was searched. The group was then taken to Nonthaburi police station, On May 22, they were taken to court, charged with illegal entry to Thailand , fined and taken to IDC that evening. On May 23, the group was taken to Thai-Burma border and sent by Thai police across the Moei River to Burmese territory, where the group dispersed.
Another group of 31 Burmese students was arrested outside the Burmese Embassy in late August 1998 after a prolonged peaceful sit-in protest about the human rights situation in Burma. The group was taken to the Bangkok Immigration Detention Center (IDC) where they were held for two weeks and then transferred to the Special Detention Center at Bankhen Police Academy. Although seven were released on November, the other 24 are being detained until the end of 1998, and have not been brought to trial.

ကြ်န္မအခုတေလာ ပို ့စ္မတင္ၿဖစ္တာၾကာေနၿပီ..မအားတာတစ္ေၾကာင္း၊စိတ္ညစ္ေနတာတစ္ေၾကာင္း၊ပ်င္းတာတစ္ေၾကာင္း၊အေၾကာင္းေတြစုၿပီးဘာမွကိုမလုပ္ၿဖစ္တာ....။ဒီေန့အြန္လိုင္းတက္ၿဖစ္ေတာ့ အမ နွင္းဆီနက္က တက္ဂ္ထားတယ္တဲ့.. ေၿပာသြားတယ္ေလ..အဲ့ဒါနဲ ့ပဲ ဘာအေၾကာင္းအရာနဲ ့တက္ဂ္ထားပါလိမ့္ဆိုၿပီးသူ ့ဆီအေၿပးတပိုင္းနဲ ့သြားၾကည့္ရေသးတယ္..ဘာတဲ့ .. ၀ါသနာ... တဲ ့ေလ..အင္း...လူၿဖစ္လာရင္ေတာ့၀ါသနာကိုယ.္စီရွိၾကရတာပဲေလ..ကြ်န္မလဲလူထဲကလူဆိုေတာ့.. ၀ါသနာေတာ့ရွိတာေပါ့ေနာ္..ဒါေပမယ့္ကြ်န္မရဲ ့၀ါသနာက သူမ်ား၀ါသနာလိုသိပ္စိတ္၀င္စားဖို ့ေတာ့မေကာင္းလွဘူး...။ကြ်န္မ ငယ္ငယ္တည္းက သီခ်င္းဆိုတာ၀ါသနာပါခဲ့တယ္..ဘုရားေက်ာင္းမွာလဲ သီခ်င္းေတြဆိုၿဖစ္တယ္.. ငယ္ငယ္ကဆို ကေလးသီခ်င္းဆိုတာ ေတာ္ေတာ္ရွားတယ္ေလ..အဲ့ဒီေတာ့ကြ်န္မသီခ်င္းဆိုရင္အားလံုးကခ်ီးက်ဴးၾကတယ္.. ကေလးၿဖစ္ၿပီးေတာ္လိုက္တာေပါ့ေနာ္..အဲ့လိုမ်ိဳးေပါ့..ဟီး.. :Pၾကီးလာေတာ့နဲနဲရွက္တတ္လာတယ္.. တခါတေလမွပဲဆိုၿဖစ္ေတာ့တယ္..မဆိုတာေတာင္ေတာ္ေတာ္ၾကာေနၿပီ.. ဟီး.. ကိုယ့္အေၾကာင္းကိုယ္သိလို ့.. :Pကြ်န္မသီခ်င္းဆိုရင္ အၿပင္လူေတြက ေကာင္းတယ္လို ့ေၿပာၾကေပမယ့္..အိမ္ကလူေတြကေတာ့ "နင္ဆိုတာ ဘယ္လိုၾကီးလံဲ.. ဘယ္ေနရာမွာဘာလိုတယ္..ဟိုေနရာကိုဟိုလိုဆိုလိုက္ရင္ပိုေကာင္းမယ"္ဆိုၿပီး ေ၀ဖန္လိုက္ၾကတာပ်စ္ပ်စ္နွစ္နွစ္ပဲ..အိမ္ကလူေတြေရွ့မွာသီခ်င္းေတာင္မဆိုရဲေလာက္ေအာင္ပဲ.. အဲ့ေလာက္ေတာင္ခ်ီးက်ဴးၾကတာ....ဟဲဟဲ..အခုေနာက္ပိုင္း..တစ္နွစ္ေလာက္ေတာ့ရွိၿပီ..ကြ်န္မ ကဗ်ာေရးတာ၀ါသနာပါလာတယ္..အစကေတာ့စာအုပ္ေပၚမွာခဲတံနဲ ့ေရးခ်တယ္..ၿပီးရင္ၿပန္ဖတ္တယ္..မၾကိဳက္ရင္ၿပင္တယ္..ၾကိဳက္ရင္ေတာ့ဘေလာ့ဂ္ေပၚတင္ေတာ့တာပဲ..သူမ်ားၾကိဳက္မၾကိဳက္မသိဘူးး..ကိုယ္ၾကိဳက္ေနရင္ရၿပီ..အဲ့လိုမ်ိဳး..........................။ကြ်န္မလိုေအးေဆးၿပီးစကားမ်ားမ်ားမေၿပာတတ္တဲ ့သူအဖို ့ေတာ့ခံစားခ်က္ေလးေတြကိုကဗ်ာအၿဖစ္ေၿပာင္းၿပီး..ဘေလာ့ဂ္မွာတင္ေန၇တာနဲ ့တင္ကြ်န္မေက်နပ္ေနတတ္ခဲ့တယ္ေလ......။ကဲ..အမနွင္းဆီနက္ေရ....အမတက္ဂ္တဲ ့ပို ့စ္ေလးေရးလို ့ၿပီးသြားၿပီေနာ္..ခ်င္းခ်င္းရဲ ့၀ါသနာကေတာ့သိပ္စိတ္၀င္စားဖို ့မေကာင္းဘုူးေနာ္..ဟီးအားေတာင္နာတယ္....သူမ်ားေတြကိုေတာ့လိုက္ၿပီးမတက္ဂ္ေတာ့ပါဘူး....။မမနွင္းဆီနက္ေက်နပ္နိုင္ပါေစ................................။

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ကိုယ့္ပံုေတြသူမ်ားၾကည္႕လို႕မရေအာင္ Code ေတြျပင္မယ္….

ကြန္ပ်ဴတာဖိုင္မ်ားတြင္ Header code ေတြပါတယ္။ အဲဒီ Header code ေတြက Hex number ေတြျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
Hex number ဆိုတာက 0 to F (0.1.2…9,A,B….F) ေတြျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ အဲဒီ Header code ေတြကို ေျပာင္းလိုက္ရင္
အဲဒီဖိုင္ကို ဖြင့္မရေတာ့ပါဘူး။ အဲဒီယူဆခ်က္ကိုသံုးၿပီးေတာ့ jpeg ဖိုင္ေတြရဲ႕ Header code ကိုေျပာင္းရင္
အဲဒီ JPEG ဖိုင္ဟာ ဖြင့္မရေတာ့ပါဘူး ။ သူမ်ားမျမင္ေစခ်င္တဲ့ ကိုယ့္ဓာတ္ပံုေတြကို ဒီနည္းလမ္းသံုးၿပီး
ဘာ software မွမလိုပဲ ေဖ်ာက္လို႔ရပါတယ္။

– Start ကေန Run ကိုသြားပါ။ cmd လို႔႐ိုက္ထည့္ပါ။
– အနက္ေရာင္ Command Prompt Window ပြင့္လာပါလိမ့္မယ္။
– debug “Your Picture File Location” လို႔႐ိုက္ထည့္ပါ။ ဥပမာ. သင့္ပံုက D:\ ထဲမွာရိွၿပီး File name က
mypic.jpg ဆိုရင္ debug D:\mypic.jpg လို႔႐ိုက္ပါ။ ၿပီးရင္ Enter ေခါက္ပါ။
– e 100 လို႔႐ိုက္ၿပီး Enter ေခါက္ပါ။
– ဥပမာ- 1381:0100 FF. လို႔ေပၚလာပါလိမ့္မယ္။ အဲဒီမွာ FF. ဆိုတာ မူရင္း Header code ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
အဲဒါကို ေသခ်ာမွတ္ထားပါ။ ၿပီးေတာ့ AA လို႔႐ိုက္ၿပီး Enter ေခါက္ပါ။
AA လို႔မ႐ိုက္ခ်င္လည္း 00,11,22,….,FF ထဲကေန ကိုယ္ႀကိဳက္တာကို႐ိုက္ပါ။
ဒါေပမဲ့ မူရင္း Header code ကိုေတာ့ ႐ိုက္လို႔မရဘူးေနာ္။
– w လို႔႐ိုက္ၿပီး Enter ေခါက္ပါ။
– Writing xxxxx bytes ဆိုၿပီး ေပၚလာပါလိမ့္မယ္။ ဥပမာ Writing 0B586 bytes
– q လို႔႐ိုက္ၿပီး Enter ေခါက္ပါ။
– ၿပီးရင္ Exit လို႔႐ိုက္ၿပီး Enter ေခါက္လိုက္ရင္ Command Prompt ကေနထြက္သြားပါလိမ့္မယ္။

ဒါဆိုရင္ ၿပီးသြားပါၿပီ။ ႀကိဳက္တဲ့ Picture Viewer နဲ႔ၾကည့္ပါ။ လံုး၀မရပါဘူး။

ျပန္ျပီးေတာ့ ျဖည္ခ်င္ရင္ေတာ့ ….

– အေပၚကအဆင့္ကအတိုင္း အဆင့္ ၄အထိသြားပါ။
–. အဆင့္ ၅မွာ မူရင္း header code ကိုျပန္ထည့္ေပးပါ။ ၿပီးရင္ က်န္အဆင့္ေတြအတိုင္း လုပ္ေဆာင္ပါ။

မင္းသမီးေခ်ာေလး

Situation in Thaton district, Mon State

Thaton (Doothatu) district straddles the border of Karen State and northern Mon State. Being close to the coastal road and railway lines, this destrict is under quite heavy SPDC control, and the DKBA also has a significant presence in the eastern parts of the destrict. Only small Karen National Liberation Army (KNLA) units can operate in the area, so while there is sporadec fighting in the area the villages near the Belin and Donthami rivers were forced to relocate to larger villages in 1997. Some of the people from the villages in the Donthami area are now reportedly trickling back to try living in their old villages or the surrounding forests. It is as yet unclear whether SPDC and DKBA troops will allow this to continue.
When fighting occurs, the normal response by SPDC troops is to detain and torture local village elders. This is accompanied in the area by fairly regular and systematic looting, demands for money and forced laborers as porters and at army camps. The futrre of billagers in this area will largely depend on the degree of activity conducted by the KNLA; assuming that the KNLA continues to operate there, it is likely that the SPDC will eventually clamp down further on the villagers by conducting further forced relocations.

Labor Taxes

Where the authorities use forced labor on state-sanctioned infrastructure of development projects, we find an additional range of taxes and fines that are often imposed in the name of substituted labor-hiring fees of donations. Such "donations" are forcibly collected from those towns, villages and households that cannot perform of contribute labor. Most if not all of thes extorted money is just stolen from forced laborers by loca SPDC civil and military personnel, who are entrusted with the implementation of projects and with the supervesion of forced labor camps. None of the forced laborers working on the many infrastructure of development projects in and around Burma have been officially recruited of paid by the responsible authoities.

ကိုးရီးယား မင္းသမီး မင္းသား

Information used by community members

Some information is used by community mimbers. Some of the information which comes to organisations is interesting for community members. In some kinds of organisation's members who request it. Any member of any organisation is able to ask for a copy of the Constitution, the list of management committee officers, minutes of the annual general meeting and the annual report.
In some community organisation, it is a rule that members are able to ask to see the membership records (list of members) as well as the Constitution, list of office bearers, minutes of the annual gereral meeting and the annual report.
Sometimes an organisation might want to give information to community members even if it is not a regulation, A community council might want to give community members information about what it is planning of doing.
Some of the types of information which organisations give to community members include some reports, minutes of some meetings, copies of notices from other organisations and notices from within the organisation.
For example:
(a) A community council might give copies of a youth activities proposal to all community members to let them know of the proposal.
(b) An organisation might give a notice about its annual general meeting to all community members. A health clinic might give copies of a notice from the Health Ministry about diabetes to community members so that they know how to reorganise the symptoms (signs) of this illness and can be treated.

Insurance documents

Organisations must keep insurance records. Insurance is a fee paid by the organisation to an insurance company every year. It provedes the organisation with financial protection so that it can pay if there is an accident or its equipment is stolen. There are different types of insurance.
Worker's compensation insurance is for workers who have an accident doing their work. It can pay for some of all of their medical costs and it can pay them wages while they are too injured to work.
Publice liability insurance is for piople who are not staff who have an accident while they are at the organisation.
Burglary (or theft) insurance is for buying new equipment and for repairing the damage after a robbery.
Vehicle insurance is for repairing a vehicle after an accident or for buying another vehicle after it hass been stolen.
Because all these things cost a lot of money for any organisation to replace, the organisation pays the insurance company a small amount every year and then the insurance company pays the bills if a claim is necessary.
Organisations have to keep details about all their vehicles, equipment and furniture and they have to give the details to the insurance company. They also have to tell the insurance company how much they pay all the staff each year. They have to keep details of any accidents, robberies or stolen vehicles, including medical reports. They also have to keep all insurance documents.

Introduction

Welcome to Topic 3 of Managing Information. This topic is called Information Storage Systems. Some types of information must be kept by an organisation. In this topic, we will be looking at systems used for keeping information at an organisation.
First, we will look at the information that must be kept by an organisation, and why, including legal, technical and administrative requirements.
Next, we will list the systems used for storing information including filing cabinets, computers, folders, card files, journals and books, boards and blackboards, and diaries. We will describe how these storage systems are operated and maintained.
Next, we will identify information that must be dept secure and/of confidential. We will describe how confidential information should be kept, and who should have access to it.

Distributing information through email

Some large organisations have their own email systems. Email is a way of messages or letters from one computer to another by using telephone lines. Staff can write an email message or an email letter to other staff members. Staff can also send email to staff of other organisations. It is another way to distribute information instead of writihg it on paper of speaking to another person.
Small organisations might have email for sending information to other organisations even if they can't send email to other staff at the same organisation. Organisations who have email can also receive information from other organisations.

Distributing information by telephone

Information can be passed on by talking on the telephone. It is easy to pass on a lot of onformation by talking, and people can reach agroement over the telephone. It is especially good for passing on information about arrangements, e.g.: the date, time and place when things will happen. It is especially good for distributing information to people who are a long way away. Even for people who are nearby it can save time going to their organisation or home to talk to them.
Staff might use the telephone to share information with staff who are away from the office, staff of other organisations or businesses, committee members or members of the community. Staff might want to tell committee members some news or ask their advice by calling them on the telephone.

Distributing information from within the organisation

Most staff members are only responsible for distributing information which relates to their own work. If they write a letter that they think others are interested in, they might show the letter to other staff members or they might make copies of the letter to give to other staff. They might write a memo to other staff telling them what was in the letter, or they might tell them face-to-face or at a metting.

Refugee

ွSaw Ru, 27-year-old son of Saw Po Lu and New Ahku were shot by the Thai security guard and hit gunshot at his leg while he was trying to exit from the No Pho camp with other refugees on the night of January 12, 1998. No Pho is situated in Omphum district, Tak province. (Source: HRDU)

Nyan Lin, age 32 was killed on March 15, 1998 by Thai soldiers guarding Mawker refugee camp in Tak Provine, western Thailand, which houses Karen refugees. He returned to the camp after the 6 p.m. curfew established by the Thai authorities, and was beaten to death. Three refugees, including Nyan Lin, tried to enter the camp at 6:30 p.m. after finishing work outside when they saw a group of Thai security forces coming towards them. Two of them escaped, but Nyan Lin hid in the bushes. Thai forces initially left the scene, but they returned, and one discovering Nyan Lin, beat him with theirrifle butts. They reported this to the camp leader, who found Nyan Lin unable to walk or talk. He was then carried back to the camp on a stretcher, and eventually taken to the local hospital, where he was pronounced dead on arrival. A Thai military officer paid Nyan Lin's wife, Cherry 20,000 baht as compensation, but no criminal action was taken against the soldiers. The camp has been under curfew from dusk to dawn, since Huay Kaloke refugee camp came under attack on the morning of March 11, 1998.

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Pictures

၁၊ ကိုးရီးယား မင္းသမီး မင္းသား
၂၊ မင္းသမီးေခ်ာေလး
၃၊ Hein wai yan
၄၊ Hein wai yan (1)

ကဗ်ာမ်ား

အေထြေထြ

၁၊ တနလၤာေန့ျဖစ္ရပ္
၂၊ Deedayee township
၃၊ Wakema township
၄၊ Monywa township
၅၊ Blogger
၆၊ Excel
၇၊ Microsoft Windows XP
၈၊ Refugee
၉၊ Distributing information from within the organisation
၁၀၊ Distributing information by telephone
၁၁၊ Distributing information through email
၁၂။ Photographs
၁၃၊ Introduction
၁၄၊ Insurance documents
၁၅၊ Information used by community members
၁၆၊ Labor Taxes
၁၇။Situation in Thaton district, Mon State

Monywa township

The chairman of the local LPDC issued a summons to the organizing committee for their attendance at his office without fail on Novenber 3, 1998. He forced the NLD committee members to resign from theparty and said he would take appropriate action against those who failed to do so. The members of the committee rejected the order to resign.

Wakema township

In Sabayoe village, Wakema township. MI personnel, members of the police force and village authorities together forced the resignation of NLD members in the village.
In Shwe Laung sub-township of this township. NLD members faced the threat of having their children expelled from schools.

Deedayee township

The SPDC chairman of Kyone Kyat Payagyi Gone village tract forced the members of the NLD members in the village track to put their signatures to prepared resignation froms.
In Kyonedachaung village track, U Aye Thaung, the chairman of village tract PDC, forced the NLD members in the tract to put their signatures to prepared resignation froms.